Eurasian Watermilfoil
Myriophyllum spicatum
Origin: Eurasia and Africa
Background
Introduced accidentally from Eurasia in the 1940s, Eurasian milfoil possibly
escaped from an aquarium or was brought in on a commercial or private boat.
Description
A n herbaceous aquatic plant in the water-milfoil family (Haloragaceae); stems
grow to the water surface, usually extending 3 to 10 feet but as much as 33
feet in length and frequently forming dense mats; stems are long, slender, branching,
hairless and become leafless toward the base; new plants may emerge from each
node (joint) on a stem and root upon contact with mud. Bright green leaves are
finely divided and occur in whorls of three or four along the stem, with 12
to 16 pairs of fine, thin leaflets about 1/2 inch long. These leaflets give
milfoil a feathery appearance that is a distinguishing feature of the plant.
Eurasian watermilfoil produces small, yellow, four-parted flowers on a spike
that projects 2 to 4 inches above the water surface. Flower spikes often remain
above water until pollination is complete. The fruit is a hard, segmented capsule
containing four seeds. Spreads by rhizomes, fragmented stems and axillary buds
that develop throughout the year. Although seeds are usually viable, they are
not an important means of dispersal.